Emerging shreds of evidence have established that among the signalling pathways, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/PI3K/Akt might be the pioneer ones implicated in miRNA-mediated regulation ABC transporters during doxorubicin drug resistance in HCC (Zhao et al., 2018; Li et al., 2022). The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.