In contrast, when the CD8+ T cells in these configurations were permuted randomly with other immune cells (activated CD8+ T cells and TAMs), only 9% of the randomized exhausted CD8+ T cells contribute to the clusters with three or more cells, implicating roles of the spatial distributions of the melanoma and the immune cells in the IMC slides and their kinetics in giving rise to these fencing structures. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and melanoma.