Previous studies have linked TGF-β inhibitors, such as bintrafusp alfa, to specific skin-related adverse events, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and keratoacanthoma, which affected 4% and 8% of patients, respectively, with some experiencing severe Grade 3 or higher reactions.32–35 In contrast, no cases of skin SCC or keratoacanthoma were observed in our study involving SHR-1701 in combination therapy. Here, TGFB1 is linked to squamous cell carcinoma.