GPX4 and infection: During lung injuries, such as those caused by infections, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or ischemia–reperfusion, Gpx4 expression is often downregulated, leading to increased lipid peroxidation and lung tissue damage, and upregulation of Gpx4 or the use of ferroptosis inhibitors can alleviate lung injury (Li et al. 2022a, b).