However, currently used biomarkers such as PD-L1, TMB, or multivariable models based on molecular analyses of tumor tissue biopsy collected prior to treatment were not sufficiently accurate to identify all potential responders to PD-(L)1 blockade-based ICI in NSCLC.5,8–14 In this prospective multicenter study (NCT04566432), we comprehensively analyzed parameters associated with DCBs from ICI in advanced wild-type EGFR/ALK NSCLC patients. Here, ALK is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.