Obacunone, Uridine, and Itaconate can block the degradation of NRF2 and promote the transcription of target genes, including GPX 4, GCLM, SLC7A11, and HO-1, thereby inhibiting cellular ferroptosis and attenuating LPS-induced ALI/ARDS (He et al., 2022; Lai et al., 2023; Li et al., 2022a). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.