Thirty-eight studies including 39 group comparators assessed VEGF concentrations in 2,181 SSc patients (mean age 52 years, 87% females) and 1,065 healthy controls (mean age 48 years, 82% females) (22, 28, 31–33, 43, 47–52, 54–58, 60–63, 66–82) (Table 1). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is systemic sclerosis.