Since liver is the major organ to produce ApoL1, we constructed a liver-specific adeno-associate virus 8 (AAV8) vector expressing ApoL1 G0 or ApoL1 G2 with AAV8-Null as a negative control to investigate the relationship between ApoL1 and atherosclerosis (Fig. 1A). Here, APOL1 is linked to atherosclerosis.