HMOX1 and colitis: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is obtained from plants in the Lamiaceae family, which includes rosemary, lemon balm, and mint.108 A study exploring RA’s impact on DSS-induced colitis in mice revealed promising anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting its potential as a treatment option for UC.109,110 The study found that RA significantly reduced the translocation of NF-kB p65 towards the nucleus when the expression of HO-1 protein was decreased.