Based on signals received from tumor microenvironment, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), IFN-γ, M0 macrophages polarize into two subtypes of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs): anti-tumoral M1 and pro-tumoral M2-like TAMs. Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.