Short poly I:C is a ligand of RIG-I, and treatment of cells with pitavastatin or cerivastatin markedly enhanced the expression of IFN-β, IL-6, and IP10 mRNA in HEK293, RAW264.7, and HeLa cells following short poly I:C transfection or infection with Sendai virus (SeV), which is recognized by RIG-I (Kato et al, 2006; Lopez et al, 2004) (Figs. 1C–E and EV1A–C). Here, IL6 is linked to infection.