Researchers have profiled the transcriptomes of more than 100,000 human single cells in healthy and cirrhotic human livers, revealing several profibrotic pathways, including the PDGFR and NOTCH signaling pathways.[456] NOTCH1 is also a major regulator of AEC2 fate in IPF, which contributes to the proliferation of alveolar epithelial cells and promotes pulmonary fibrosis.[457] In addition, DNA methylation induces the ablation of HOXA5, thereby promoting renal fibrosis by activating the NOTCH signaling pathway.[458]. The gene discussed is PDGFRB; the disease is renal fibrosis.