At the animal level, administration of BF EV to T2D mice led to a significant 1.81 fold increase (from 9.14% to 16.58%) in M2 macrophages in the bone marrow to (Figure 2L,M), along with a significant upregulation of Runx2 and Alp in the mouse aorta (Figure 2N). This evidence concerns the gene RUNX2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.