Among children of mothers with GDM, there were no significant differences comparing children of mothers who received insulin treatment versus those who received dietary and lifestyle interventions only in LAZ/HAZ scores at birth (mean ± SD: -0.33 ± 0.93 vs. -0.06 ± 0.80, P = 0.20) or age 4 years (0.56 ± 1.02 vs. 0.44 ± 0.93, P = 0.60). Here, INS is linked to gestational diabetes.