STAT3 and neoplasm: Finally, several studies have now identified a crosstalk between tumor intrinsic PD-L1 functions and IFN signaling that control STAT3/Caspase 7 pathways (Gato-Canas et al, 2017) and tumor cell DNA damage response (Cheon et al, 2021)—all of which can regulate protein production with extrinsic functions (Pilger et al, 2021; Yu et al, 2009).