TGFB1 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Experimentally, murine models of BPD show increased TGFβ signaling and activation of downstream fibrotic pathways (Mižíková and Morty, 2015; Alejandre-Alcázar et al., 2007; Nakanishi et al., 2007; Mižíková et al., 2015; Witsch et al., 2014a; Witsch et al., 2014b; Rath et al., 2017).