TGFB1 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: These results are notable because TGFβ is a known driver of myofibroblast differentiation and profibrotic programs in fibroblasts (Li et al., 2016; Frangogiannis, 2020), while its overall contribution to alveolar simplification and BPD is unclear (Saito et al., 2018; Calthorpe et al., 2023).