A significant positive correlation was observed within T cells between the proportion of CD4+ T cells and ALS Functional Rating Scale—Revised (r = 0.839, P = 0.001), whereas a significant negative correlation was identified between the proportion of CD8+  GZMKhi TEMs and ALS Functional Rating Scale–Revised (r = −0.702, P = 0.016; Supplementary Fig. 4A and B). Here, CD4 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.