TGFB1 and melanoma: In conclusion, the progression of cdkn2b-/-/tp53-/- Xenopus tropicalis melanoma is characterized by the presence of EMT, reactivation of pigment cell precursor cell transcriptional states, and activation of the MAPK, NF-kB, PI3K-Akt, and TGF-β signaling pathways (Figure 7I).