In support of these findings, both in mice without obesity and in humans with obesity, fasting/postprandial plasma LEAP2 positively correlated with fasting/postprandial plasma glucose [17], while fasting plasma LEAP2 positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, and/or HOMA-IR, in adults with normal weight/overweight/obesity [17], with obesity [43, 48], in overweight/obesity with prediabetes [67], in adults with MAFLD without obesity [46], though not in adults without obesity, without T2DM [42] or with T2DM [47]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.