A recent cross-sectional research from Japan involving 92 OPLL patients and 246 control subjects discovered a correlation between dyslipidemia and the incidence of OPLL, and the study also noted that OPLL patients had higher BMI compared to control, suggesting that visceral adiposity and elevated BMI were implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of OPLL.137 Leptin, a well-known adipokine, also contributes to OPLL. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine.