CCL5 and pancreatic neoplasm: We previously identified serum CCL5 as a bona fide negative prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer (Willenbrock et al., 2021, and found that, in two independent PDAC cohorts, CPTAC3 [Cao et al., 2021] and TCGA [Uhlen et al., 2017]), higher CCL5 expression associates with poor overall and disease-free survival, confirming the negative implication of elevated levels of CCL5 in pancreatic cancer (Figure 1A).