However, when comparing the liver function test results (AST, ALT, albumin, PT (%) (the prothrombin time, expressed as a percentage, which measures the time it takes for blood to clot), PT (INR) (the International Normalized Ratio, indicating the international standardization of prothrombin time), and TBIL) before and after breakthrough infections between the two groups, there were no significant differences observed (Figs. 4D, S4). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is infection.