SCAND3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: SCAND3 was previously identified as potentially diagnostic for hepatocellular carcinoma, a cancer of the liver.27 As cancer may serve as an index trauma, SCAND3 may serve as an indicator of PTS severity, though this relationship requires dedicated testing.28, –30 We identified WDPCP (rs72813410-C) as a risk-decreasing variant for female PTS-f1.