TNF and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: This observation aligns with the typical clinical presentation of CRMO, as it is primarily a sterile inflammatory disease and inflammatory markers generally tend to be nonspecific, and commonly fall within the normal range, or display only slight elevations.[34] Nevertheless, research has indicated that serum levels of certain inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-12, as well as chemokines such as MCP-1, MIP-1b, and TNF-α, and eosinophil-activated chemokines, are elevated in individuals with CRMO.