NFKB1 and HIV-1 infection: To further validate the inhibition effect of SER5 on the NF-κB signaling pathway during HIV-1 infection, U937 and THP-1 monocytic cells which are susceptible to HIV-1 were stably transduced with SER5 (U937-SER5 and THP-1-SER5) by lentivirus infection and the mRNA levels of SER5 were determined by RT-qPCR (Fig. 3, A and F).