Additionally, mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 were significantly reduced in BALB/cTFE3-/- mice relative to BALB/cTFE3+/+ mice (Fig 4D), suggesting a critical role of TFE3 in viral replication and infection. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.