Further research can be conducted to determine the negative correlation between PVAT and insulin sensitivity and how post-ischemic increases in blood flow affect vessels locally and systemically [24,25]. Studies have shown that PVAT-derived adipokines have both contractile and vasodilator functions, which can be dysfunctional in obesity [23,26,27]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.