AFP and neoplasm: The Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) recommends surveillance for HBV-infected men older than 40 and women older than 50: Liver ultrasound and AFP detection should be performed every 6 months, and areas where conditions are available can consider increasing the screening frequency or other tumor markers and imaging examinations, such as DCP, AFP-L3, CT/MRI, etc. (Omata et al., 2010).