ROS plays a pivotal role in neurodegeneration in AD, PD, and HD, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and elevated levels of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) (Ríos et al., 2016; Chandran and Abrahamse, 2020; Sharifi-Rad et al., 2022). Here, NFKB1 is linked to Huntington disease.