GDF15 and Obesity: We found a significant positive association between GDF-15 and several parameters related to the fat mass and cardiovascular risk, including the body mass index (r = 0.267, p = 0.024), the waist-hip ratio(r = 0.267, p = 0.024), the body fat mass (r = 0.349, p = 0.003), and the percentage of body fat (r = 0.302, p = 0.010), the visceral fat area (r = 0.341, p = 0.004), the fat mass index (r = 0.310, p = 0.008) and the obesity degree (r = 0.261, p = 0.028).