GDF15 and sarcopenia: Moreover, it should be recalled that glucocorticoids, either acting dependently or independently of GDF15 signaling, can induce age-related degeneration, such as tissue atrophy/sarcopenia, via pathways which are not dependent on the activation of the immunosuppressive network (Sato et al. 2017; Niculet et al. 2020) (Fig. 2).