Amongst others, previously described mechanisms by which tumours evade NK cells include the upregulation of proteins involved in antigen presentation and MHC-I and -II molecules (62,63), the loss or shedding of NKG2D ligands such as MHC class I chain-related molecule A and B (MICA/B) (64) and secretion of TGF-β and IL-10 (65). The gene discussed is MICA; the disease is neoplasm.