There were differences in risk of new diagnoses by sex; for example, RhA (males – aHR: 1·04 [95 % CI: 0·65-1·65]; females – aHR: 1·54 [95 % CI: 1·20-1·99]) and psoriasis (males – aHR: 1·11 [95 % CI: 1·00–1·22]; females – aHR 1·20 [95 % CI: 1·12-1·29]) (appendix S Table 7/8). This evidence concerns the gene DHX9 and psoriasis.