Among stromal FOV, GPX3 is the most significant downregulated gene in IO-exposed tumor cells (FDR < 0.001), and AZU1 was found to be downregulated in regulatory T cells (FDR < 0.001) and fibroblasts (FDR < 0.001; Additional File 2: Table S9). The gene discussed is GPX3; the disease is neoplasm.