A recent study further reported no significant change in anti-tumor cell infiltration or cytotoxicity between pretreatment and post-TKI-resistant samples.34 Due to the limited studies with limited sample size on TKI-induced tumor microenvironment remodeling, the immunological effects of EGFR-TKIs in treatment-responsive tumors and dynamic changes of tumor immune microenvironment features before and after resistance to EGFR-TKIs remain largely undetermined. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is neoplasm.