Finally, tumor-related immune factors, including PD-L1/2 expression, were not evaluated in the present study.48 Simultaneous evaluation of effector T cells, such as CD8-positive and CD4-positive T cells, in addition to regulatory T cells or cytokines as suppressors also may be necessary for a better understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment.52–54. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is neoplasm.