Taking advantage of the co-culture model (Fig. 6D), we found that downregulation of KDM1A significantly recruited more lymphocytes to the lower chambers (Fig. 6E, p = 0.038 for TE1 and p = 0.017 for K410) and significantly increased the expression of STING-associated anti-tumor immune genes [34], particularly CXCL10, in Jurkat lymphocytes (Fig. 6F, p = 0.018 for TBK1 in TE1, p = 0.002 for IRF3 in K410, p = 0.008 and p = 0.004 for CXCL10 in TE1 and K410, respectively), directly supporting that KDM1A remodels STING-associated anti-tumor immunity in sTILs in ESCC. Here, KDM1A is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.