Excessive IL-6 induces vascular endothelial growth factor production, promotes nitric oxide synthase release in endothelial cells, disrupting the tight junction proteins of the blood brain barrier (BBB), increasing its permeability (Ali et al., 2022), upregulating BACE1 enzyme expression, and ultimately leading to neuronal apoptosis and memory impairment (Naomi et al., 2023). Here, IL6 is linked to memory impairment.