IL1B and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: For example, neutralizing IL-1b with antibody treatment was shown to reduce neuroinflammation and improve ALS phenotypes in an ALS mouse model (Hu et al., 2023) IL-1RA modulates a variety of interleukin 1 related immune and inflammatory responses and is an endogenous inhibitor of the pro-inflammatory effect of IL1β and Il-1alpha that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the IL-1 receptor (Perrier et al., 2006).