We previously identified CSNK1E (gene encoding CK1ε protein) as being strongly correlated with pTDP-43 pathology in ALS patient samples [27] and showed in vitro and with cellular models that CK1ε and its closely related family member CK1δ were principal kinases that regulated TDP-43 phosphorylation [26]. Here, TARDBP is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.