As mentioned above, current evidence suggests that the RIF1/REV7/Shieldin complex blocks DNA end resection and BRCA1-mediated HR, but promotes DSB repair through NHEJ in cancer cells (Gómez-Llorente et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2015; Boersma et al., 2015; Mirman et al., 2018; Findlay et al., 2018; Gupta et al., 2018; Ghezraoui et al., 2018; Dev et al., 2018; Tomida et al., 2018; Gao et al., 2018; Noordermeer et al., 2018; Liang et al., 2020; Malik et al., 2020; Du Truong et al., 2021). The gene discussed is RIF1; the disease is cancer.