TGFB1 and neoplasm: Curcumin has been shown to reduce the inflammatory toxicity associated with radiation therapy in normal cells and enhance the cytotoxicity of RT in cancer cells by downregulating various anti-apoptotic signaling pathways such as the TGF‐β pathway, PI3K pathway, mTOR pathway, and the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the effect of radiotherapy on the tumor [30].