Proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular energy metabolism,[63] is essential for maintaining kidney function but is usually depleted in diabetic mice.[64] Intriguingly, treatment with Smg strikingly restored the level of PGC‐1α in injured DKD kidneys and HK‐2 cells, possibly via the KLB/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway (Figure S5K–N, Supporting Information).[65] These results highlighted the potency of Smg in protecting renal function from diabetic kidney injury. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and diabetic kidney disease.