APOE and dementia: However, effects of estrogen therapy are more complex when participants are stratified by APOE genotype, with some studies of older post-menopausal individuals (mean age > 65 years) reporting that treatments consisting primarily of CEE did not benefit memory or reduce dementia risk in APOE4+ women (Yaffe et al., 2000; Burkhardt et al., 2004) or detrimentally affected cognition in APOE4+ women (Kang et al., 2004; Kang and Grodstein, 2012).