VEGFA and neoplasm: For instance, cytokines (such as IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and chemokines (such as CXCL9, CXCL10) are represented, and these factors can regulate the effective function of T cells, thereby changing the balance of tumor immune response 121-126.