PDCD1 and posterior cortical atrophy: Taking into account the compensatory upregulation of PD-L1 that has been demonstrated in PCa patients treated with ipilimumab 116, the ongoing CheckMate 650 trial is evaluating whether the dual targeting of PD-1 and CTLA-4 may improve the clinical performance in patients with mCRPC (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02985957) 125.