INS and atherosclerosis: MiR-99a overexpression attenuates cardiac hypertrophy (Li et al., 2016), suppresses endothelial cell inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via inhibition of the mTOR/NF-κB signaling pathway (Bao et al., 2016), inhibits M1 macrophage phenotype activation by targeting TNFα, and mitigates adipose tissue inflammation and improves insulin sensitivity as well as diabetes-associated dyslipidemia in diabetic mice (Jaiswal et al., 2019), indicating dysregulation of miR-99a-5p is closely associated with dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia-relevant diseases such as inflammation, atherosclerosis.