Ablation of Bmp9 induced lipid accumulation in HCC cells and promoted liver steatosis through reducing the expression of PPARα.420 Sun et al. demonstrated that Bmp9 attenuated HFD-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis, and macrophage infiltration by reducing the expression of Cers6, Fabp4, and Cidea, which is involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as Fos, Tlr1, and CCL2, which involved in inflammatory response. Here, GDF2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.