These multilayer processes in SLE pathogenesis involve genes participating in apoptosis (TNFRSF21, IKBKG, IKBKB, BCL2L11, BAK1, TRAF3, IRF1, IRF3, IRF4, IRF5, IRF7, CCND2, PYCARD), regulation of ribonuclease activity (OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, OASL), complement activation (C1QB, C2, C3, C4B, CFB, ITGAM, ITGAX), and Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis (FCGR2A, FCGR3A, FCGR3B, PTPRC, LYN, NCF1). Here, ITGAX is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.