As depicted in Fig. 1A, approximately nine out of nineteen cuproptosis-related genes, including NFE2L2, NLRP3, ATP7A, SLC31A1, LIPT2, MTF1, CDKN2A, GCSH and DLST, displayed significant differences between normal and bladder cancer tissues in the TCGA database. Here, ATP7A is linked to urinary bladder cancer.